英文商务合同翻译 第3页
Analyzing the contract genre and all kinds of the contract is the first step if you want to understand the contract fully. Different genres and species have their different rules to follow.
There is a variety of English contracts, but the common English contract as following: they are business contract 、service classes contracts、culture contracts 、financial contracts 、manufactured contract and so on. Only on the basis of understanding the contract types, can translators ensure the quality of translation easily.
2.2 Understanding Business Contract
Before the translation, the translators should read the original text. This is the first step to do for any translators, especially in the translation contract. The reason is that this is the primary condition for doing contract translation. The contract language does not like literary language which is interesting. Reading the contract documents is a very boring thing, because the sentences are long and the terms are more. Therefore, it is very crucial to read and understand the contract document. If one wants to read and understand the original text. It should be paid more attention to the problems that the author will refer.
2.1.1 Understanding the specific expression in the Contract
In English, some adverbs such as "roll" and "tabs" in the economic contract often are regarded as a prefix, combining with another word constitute statute expressions. Also there are a lot of words by this methods, such as :hereafter, hereby, herein, hereof, hereto hereunder, hereupon, herewith, hereinbefore, hereinafter; thereafter, thereby, therein, thereinafter, therein，before, thereon, thereof, hereunder thereupon, therewith; whereas, whereby, wherein, whereof, whereon, and so on, The common characteristic of these words not only can make the style have the feeling of grave, but also can fix the meaning, It can make the complex meaning focus on a simple expression, so that the translators can understand the meaning easily. Using these words in the formal contract can avoid repeating、misunderstanding and so on. As well as make the documents accurate and concise. As long as one can handle these stipulation expressions properly and make a clear explanations when translates the business contract, then it will ensure that the translation can be carried on smoothly. 论文范文http://www.chuibin.com/
2.2.2 Understanding the sentence structure in the Contract
In the contract documents, English sentence has two features as following: The one is structure rigorous, and the other is the long sentence, which makes the expression accuracy and clearly (no different meanings).
The main problem is the position of adverbial. The adverbial of main clauses and the adverbial of clauses have their fixed position, so that they can not be confused with the attributive. In the contract documents, the adverbials of English sentences have their own rules and positions which are equal with the adverbs in the Basic English. Such as: often, sometime, and never and so on. It also puts them in the same position in generally, which before the action verbs and after the auxiliary verbs. The complex sentences are also used in the contract documents. The adverbial of main clauses and the adverbial of clauses also have each position. It can not be confused with each other, so the adverbial of the clauses is usually locked in the clause, and the adverbial clauses usually come straight to the point and put them after the conjunction, such as when or if. When translators faced with the complex structure of sentence, only they master the regularity, can they translate them in English and Chinese handy in the translation of the contract .There are some basic methods to explain how to analyze the long sentence in the contract. The First step is to find out the whole sentence of subject, predicate and object. In other words, that is to find out the backbone structure of the sentence. The second step is to find out the main structure of the sentence and the predicate structure .Also one should find out the guide words and prepositional phrases, and then analyze the function of short sentences and long sentences. That is to say one should judge whether it is a subject subordinate clause, object clauses, slogans clauses or adverbial clause. One should analyze the relationship of the words, phrases and clauses. Last but not the least, one should anglicize whether the sentence has any fixed collocation or insert language or other ingredients in it. The main function of business contract is to provide the parties of contract what rights should they enjoy and what obligations should they carry out in the contract. Because this rights and obligations are endowed with various conditions, so the use of conditionals becomes a characteristic of the contract.