关于硬水的英语论文-What is Hard Water
关于硬水的英语论文-What is Hard Water
Hard water is a serious problem, and it is a common one. Water in 85% of the United States is so hard it should be softened to be of maximum usefulness. Hard water measures from 1 gpg (grains per gallon) to well in excess of 100 gpg. The Environmental Protection Agency recommends using water not exceeding 7 gpg.
硬水是一个严重且常见的问题。在美国，85%的水都是硬水，需经软化后才能得到充分利用。硬水的硬度从1 GPG到超过100 GPG不等。美国环保署建议生活用水硬度不宜超过7GPG。
There are only a few areas where water is sufficiently soft to be satisfactory for most homemaking needs. No natural water supply is completely free of hardness.
只有少数地区的水质可称为软水，从而满足家庭日常之需。自然界中，零硬度的水是不存在的。
Communities that draw water directly from snow-filled mountain streams enjoy nearly ideal water in terms of a low amount of hardness.
一般而言，水源供应来自雪山融水的地区，当地水硬度较低。
New York City with supplies of one to three grains of hardness per gallon has relatively soft water. Still there are industries which must have water free of hardness materials. Some laundries in the area, for example, have found that zero soft water provides substantial soap savings.
纽约的市政论文范文http://www.chuibin.com/ 供水硬度约为1-3 GPG，相对其他地区而言，可称为软水。然而，某些工业应用必须要求提供零硬度的水，例如，该地区的一些洗衣店发现，采用零硬度软水洗涤，可持续减少洗涤剂的消耗。
The hardness of water supplies in this country ranges from 1 to 350 gpg (17.1 to 5985 mg/l).
美国的市政供水硬度为1-350 GPG(17.1 to 5985 mg/l)不等。
gpg (grains per gallon). This is the most common method of designating the hardness of a water supply in our industry. Grains per gallon equals the number of grains of a given substance in one U.S. gallon of water. One grain equals 1/7000 pound and one U.S. Gallon of water weighs 8.33 pounds.
GPG (格令/加仑)： GPG是用来测量市政供水硬度的最常用方法。格令/加仑表示给定物质在1美制加仑水中的格令数。1格令=1/7000磅，1美制加仑水的重量为8.33磅。
Hardness can also be expressed in terms of parts per million (ppm) or milligrams per liter (mg/l). However, because of high amounts of hardness in water, it is generally easier to express hardness in terms of grains per gallon. Conversion of parts per million or milligrams per liter into grains per gallon is quite simple. Simply divide the parts per million (or milligrams per liter) by 17.1 to convert to grains per gallon.
硬度也可以ppm或mg/l表达。不过，因水中硬度离子的含量较高，通常以GPG表示硬度更容易。将ppm或mg/l转换为GPG非常简单。只需简单地将ppm（或mg/l）的数值除以17.1便转换为相应的GPG数值。见以下换算公式：
=GPG
ppm(mg/l) 17.1
Here is what an analysis in grains per gallon or parts per million means to you, according to the U.S. Department of the Interior and Water Quality Association standards: