离子液体催化下多组分反应的研究
关键词： 离子液体；多组分；苯甲醛；苯乙酮；乙酸铵
Study on the Multicomponent Reaction catalyzed by Ionic Liquid
Abstract: Multicomponent reactions (MCR), which has simple, atom economy and can produce molecular structural persity characteristics, has been developing rapidly in recent years. Especially, it has been widespread concerned in organic synthesis. In this paper, I have used benzaldehyde, acetophenone and ammonium acetate three-component condensation reaction for the study of the template, and explored the influence of the synthesis reacting for 2,4,6-triphenyl pyridine by using different ionic liquid as catalyzed, and obtained the optimum reaction conditions: ethanolamine acid ionic liquid as a catalyst, the molar ratio of benzaldehyde and the catalyst is 1:0.1, benzaldehyde, acetophenone and ammonium acetate in the molar feed ratio is 1:2:2. The microwave radiation power is 600W for 15mins; the product yield is 29.73%. This method has many advantages like easy to handle, has a short reaction time, without solvents, and is an environmentally friendly green synthesis method.
Key Words: ionic liquids；chalcone；benzaldehyde；acetophenone；ammonium acetate
目 录
1 绪论 1
1.1多组分反应 1
1.1.1 多组分反应的定义 1
1.1.2 多组分反应的发展 1
1.1.3 多组分反应的类型 2
1.2 含氮杂环化合物的介绍 7
1.2.1 二氢吡啶衍生物的合成方法 7
1.2.2 三苯基吡啶化合物的合成方法 8
1.3 离子液体 9
1.3.1 离子液体的定义 9
1.3.2 作为催化剂的离子液体 9
1.4 微波合成 10
1.4.1 微波合成的发展历史 10
1.4.2 微波加热原理 10
1.4.3 微波加热特点 10
1.4.4 微波辐射有机反应类型 11
1.5 课题方案 12
1.5.1 苯甲醛，苯乙酮、乙酸铵的反应 12
2 实验部分 13
2.1合成路线 13
2.1.1 1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑硫酸氢根离子液体（[Bmim][HSO4]）的合成路线 13
2.1.2乙醇胺乙酸离子液体的合成路线 13
2.1.3 1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氢氧根离子液体（[Bmim][OH]）的合成路线 13
2.1.4酰胺硫酸氢根离子液体的合成路线 13
2.1.5 1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑咪唑负离子液体（[Bmim]Im）的合成路线 13
2.1.6 1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑对甲苯磺酸根负离子液体的合成路线 13
2.2实验仪器 14
2.3 试剂及原料 14
2.3.1主要试剂名称及物性常数 14
2.3.2原料名称及物性常数 15
2.4催化剂的制备 16
2.4.1 1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑硫酸氢根离子液体（[Bmim][HSO4]）的制备 16