二手车交易中物的瑕疵担保责任研究

摘要：在二手车交易中，车辆的瑕疵责任纠纷频发，围绕二手车交易能否适用物的瑕疵担保责任以及如何合理使用该责任，本文从二手车交易责任承担困境展开，分析物的瑕疵担保责任适用阻碍的原因，同时参考和借鉴了一些国家和地区成熟的二手车市场交易模式，来论证为什么我国二手车市场能够适用物的瑕疵担保责任。通过对车辆瑕疵检测和构建车辆历史信息平台两种方法公示车辆信息，能够缓解二手车交易信息不对称，分散各方风险，规范二手车交易市场的不诚信行为，从而顺利适用物的瑕疵担保责任，促进二手车公平交易。

Abstract：In the second-hand car transaction, there are frequent disputes about flawed liability of the vehicle. Whether the second-hand car transaction can apply the liability of warranty of defects on the objects and how to undertake the responsibility rationally, this article analyzes the reasons for the obstruction of the application of the liability for the second-hand car transaction and the reasons for the obstruction of the application of the liability of warranty of defects on the objects. At the same time, we take the examination and reference to mature used car market trading model of some countries and regions. The secondhand car market transaction mode is used to demonstrate why our second-hand car market can apply the liability of warranty of defects on the objects. The vehicle defect detection and the construction of vehicle history information platform are two methods to publicized vehicle information, which can relieve the asymmetric information of second-hand car transaction, disperse the risk at all parties, standardize the dishonest behavior of the second-hand car trading market, so as to successfully apply the liability of warranty of defects on the objects and promote the fair trade of second-hand car.

关键词：物的瑕疵担保责任；信息对称；车辆检测；信息共享

Keywords: the liability of warranty of defects on the objects； information symmetry； vehicle detection； information sharing

一、二手车物的瑕疵担保责任承担困境 4

二、物的瑕疵担保责任适用阻碍的成因 4

（一）隐蔽瑕疵难认定 4

（二）车况信息难获取 5

（三）二手车买卖合同中存在免责条款 5

三、成熟二手车市场交易模式及借鉴 6

四、我国二手车交易如何适用物的瑕疵担保责任 7

（一）第三方检测评估和认证 7

（二）建立车辆历史信息档案 8

1.汽车销售服务4S店车辆数据 8

2.公安和交通管理部门数据 9

3.保险数据 9

五、结语 10

参考文献 11

致谢 12

一、二手车物的瑕疵担保责任承担困境在早期的罗马市民法中，物的瑕疵担保责任在其中表现为“买者当心”原则，如果买者被给予了瑕疵物，除非能够证明卖者存在欺诈或者对商品曾做出特别的品质保证，否则无法得到救济，这又被称为市政官救济制度①。二手车以其瑕疵存在为交易条件，除双方约定的已存在的瑕疵以外的隐蔽瑕疵应当由出卖方承担。这种隐蔽瑕疵通常表现为物的瑕疵，物的瑕疵担保责任有以下构成要件：1.标的物确有瑕疵存在；2.且该瑕疵存在于交付之前；3.买受方善意且无重大过失；4.买受方尽到及时检查义务并通知出卖方。二手车交易中物的瑕疵担保责任研究:http://www.chuibin.com/faxue/lunwen_205334.html