小学生学习习惯的特点及培养
关键词：小学生；学习习惯；特点；培养
The Character and Development of Students’Study Habits in Primary School
Abstract: A good habit of study can determine whether students could learn and use knowledge well. It affects the education effect when one accept education. After the primary school students get out of the kindergarten enlightenment environment and go to primary school,most of them lack of the cognition of habit or did not form a good habit of learning or have already formed some bad habits of learning. We have found that the pupils have their own inherent characteristics by doing some investigations and research of the pupils’learning habit. We should start from teachers, parents and other aspects. According to the characteristics and the ability of acceptance of the pupils’, we can actually develop a good learning habit and correct their bad habits. Only in this way,can we lay the foundation of lifelong learning for the students’.As long as we truly understand the features of study and cultivation method of pupils learning, we can finally realize the significance of promoting the improvement of pupils comprehensive quality and the development of primary education through developing the pupils’good learning habit.
Key Words：Primary school student; Learning habit; Characteristic; Cultivate
目 录
摘要： 1
Abstract 1
一、有关习惯的概述 2
（一）概念界定 2
（二）小学生习惯的特点 3
二、小学生学习习惯形成的因素 5
（一）自制能力差，缺乏意志控制 5
（二）缺乏基本的学习习惯 5
(三)已经养成了一些不良的学习习惯 5
三、小学生良好的学习习惯的培养 6
（一）教师的重要作用 6
（二）家长的配合支持作用 7
（三）学生的自身作用 7
参考文献 8
致 谢 9
小学生学习习惯的特点及培养
俄国教育家乌申斯基指出:“良好的习惯是人在其神经中所存放的道德资本，这个资本会不断地增值，一个人毕生就可以享用它的利息。坏习惯则是道德上无法尝清的债务，这种债务能够用不断增长的利息去折磨人，使他最好的创举失败，并使他达到道德破产的地步。”[1]这就说明，良好的习惯会让人受益不尽，而坏习惯像债务一样，越欠越多。
对于小学生来说，培养良好的学习习惯至关重要。一方面，养成良好的学习习惯可以提高学习兴趣、减轻学习压力与负担、提高学习成绩与认知能力。另一方面，养成良好的学习习惯使学生在完成本身学习任务之外，有更多的时间开展更多的课外实践，更能培养学生的自主学习的能力，提高学生的综合素质。培养学生良好学习习惯的重要性，可以说是大家公认的。学习习惯的培养是一个循序渐进的过程，习惯一旦养成就难以改变,而且对学生的整个学习行为有着重要的影响。这就使得学习习惯的培养在教学活动尤其是小学教学活动中显得格外重要，它可以在一定程度上使智力发展和心理发展一体化，有利于学生学习活动整体质量的提高。[2]
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