大学生成就动机与创新自我效能感的关系研究
The Relationship between Achievement Motivation and Innovative Self-Efficacy of College Students
Abstract: In this study, 216 college students were tested by the "Achievement Motivation Scale" (AMS) and the "Students' Innovative Efficacy Scale", to explore the relationship between achievement motivation and innovative self-efficacy of college students . The results of the research showed that there was a significant correlation between achievement motivation and innovative self-efficacy of college students, innovative self-efficacy has a significant role in predicting on the pursuit of success motivation and synthetic motive.Students' achievement motivation and innovative self-efficacy were significantly different only in terms of gender, the differences were not significant at grade level and professionally. And the male students in the pursuit of success motivation and synthetic motive were significantly higher than female students, the motivation of avoiding failure was no significant difference . Innovative self-efficacy of male students in the sensitivity factor, fluency factor and the overall level of innovative self-efficacy were significantly higher than female students, in the flexibility factor and originality factor were not significant.
Keywords: achievement motivation; innovative self-efficacy; college students
目 录
摘要 1
Abstract 1
引言 2
1研究程序 3
1.1研究被试 3
1.2测量工具 4
1.3研究程序 4
2结果 4
2.1大学生成就动机 4
2.2大学生创新自我效能感 5
2.3大学生成就动机与创新自我效能感的关系 7
3讨论 8
3.1大学生成就动机的讨论分析 8
3.2大学生创新自我效能感的讨论分析 9
3.3大学生成就动机与创新自我效能感的关系分析 10
4结论 10
参考文献 11
附录I 12
附录II 13
致谢 14
大学生成就动机与创新自我效能感的关系研究
引言
成就动机是由成就需要激发的，个体朝向一定目标，不断付出努力，克服障碍困难，并力求获取成功的一种内在倾向性[1]。阿特金森(J•W•Atkinson)于1957年提出了著名的“期待×价值”成就动机理论。他指出，成就动机包含两种相互冲突的动机趋向，即追求成功的动机和避免失败的动机。阿特金森假设，个人取得成就的行为倾向是追求成功的趋力和避免失败的趋力的合力，我们称之为合成动机[2]。成就动机作为个体内部一种特殊的内在驱动力，对个体的工作和学习都具有重要的推动作用，大学生成就动机也成为心理学的一个重要研究课题。影响大学生成就动机的因素主要有：性别因素，家庭因素（父母教养方式、家庭经济条件、生源地），专业因素，年级因素等[3]。但是，成就动机在某些因素上的差异显著性程度的研究存在一定争议，如：2011年中国政法大学屈建伟在《大学生成就动机影响因素分析》的研究中发现，大学生成就动机在性别、生源地、是否独生子女以及父母受教育程度等因素上差异均不显著[4]；而2011年山东师范大学李婵在《大学生成就动机、职业价值观与择业效能感的关系研究》中发现，大学生成就动机在性别、年级和专业上存在差异[5]。所以，本研究选择对影响成就动机的年级、性别、专业因素做进一步考察。