冷却塔实验室模型英文文献和中文翻译(3)
sprinkled space [8 ]. The parameter A also depends on the aerodynamic factors that influence the operating
efficiency of the tower [8]. As is seen from Eqs. (4) and (5), the quantity ATnm takes into account the
thermodynamic factors that influence the evaporative cooling efficiency of water.
Experimental Facility. The laboratory model of an evaporative cooling tower is made of a transparent
organic glass. It has the height H = 0.5 m, the diameter of the bottom D = 0.5 m, and the height of windows for
entry of air h = 0.04 m. Water distributor 5 is located above water-collecting tank 7 at a height of 0.19 m (Fig. 1).
Hot water was fed to the water distributor through a closed loop with the aid of the pump of thermostat
12. The water flow rate was controlled by rotameter 14. The hot water from the water distributor entered the tank
and then was again pumped into the thermostat. The external wind loading was initiated by two nozzles 1 and 15
of a simplified wind tunnel with an open test section. The horizontal wind flow was stratified along the height by
selecting the mode of operation of each of the nozzles after preliminary calibration for the value of the wind speed.
The ratio of the wind speeds in the upper and lower parts was established as 2:1.
To visualize the flow pattern inside the model, we used the "laser knife" method [9 ] (elements 2, 3). The
observed flow structures containing water droplets of about micron diameter were photographed with video camera
13 in the real time scale.
Metal nets 11 above the water distributor made it possible to regulate the aerodynamic resistance of the cooling
tower. It has a rather complex nature [8 ] and is associated with different physical phenomena occurring in the tower.
The facility developed differs from the standard actual cooling tower by the presence, in its upper and
lower parts, of rotating plates 4 and 6 of length 0.04 m that swirl the vapor-air flow inside the model due to the
tangential pulse of cold air ejected into the cooling tower.
The temperature field inside the model was measured by thermocouples 8 located at four sections along
the height. The orientation and location of the thermocouples made it possible to record the temperature of the
vapor-air mixture along and across the direction of the wind stream flowing around the model. Inpidual thermal
probes controlled the temperature of the entering and cooled water. The readings of the thermocouples were
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