摘要：目的：通过研究了解杭州上城区的中学生在生长发育过程中肺活量、身高、体重的变化规律，发现学生体质健康存在的问题。从而更好的实施学校卫生监督，并且为制定干预和促进杭州上城区中学生体质健康的政策与措施提供科学依据。方法：对杭州市上城区的中学采取随机整群抽样，抽取20个学校，得到10年间的体检数据，再对数据进行分析。结果：在10年间，男女中学生的平均身高、体重、肥胖率和肺活量均呈上升趋势。男女中学生身高增幅分别达到3.52cm和1.8cm，体重分别增长了4.87kg、2.25kg。在10年间肺活量不及格率先是快速增高，在2010年左右达到最大值，之后肺活量逐渐下降。身高和体重与肺活量之间存在线性关系。结论：身高持续增长，呈现良好趋势；体重以及肥胖率逐年增长，需要关注青春期肥胖问题；肺活量不及格率在2012年这个高峰后呈逐年下降趋势。

关键词：杭州市上城区中学生；身高；体重；肺活量；BMI；

ABSTRACT：Objective: to study the changes of vital capacity, height and weight of middle school students in Shangcheng district of Hangzhou during their growth and development, and to find out the existing problems of students' physical health.     So as to better implement the school health supervision and provide scientific basis for formulating policies and measures to interfere with and promote the physical health of middle school students in Shangcheng district, Hangzhou.  Methods: middle schools in Shangcheng district of Hangzhou city were randomly sampled by cluster sampling, 20 schools were selected, medical examination data in 10 years were obtained, and then the data were analyzed. Results: in the past 10  years,  the  average height, weight, obesity rate and vital capacity of male and female middle school students showed an upward trend. The height of middle school students of both  sexes increased by 3.52 cm and 1.8 cm respectively, and their weight increased by 4.87 kg and 2.25 kg respectively. During the past 10 years, the lung capacity failed to pass the exam, which was rapidly increased, reaching its maximum value around 2013, and then the lung capacity gradually declined. There is a linear  relationship between height and weight and vital capacity. Conclusion: the height continues to increase and presents a good trend.  The weight and obesity rate are increasing year by   year, so we need to pay attention to adolescent obesity. The failure rate of vital capacity decreased year by year after the peak in 2012.

Keywords: middle   school  students; height; weight; vital  capacity; BMI;

目录

1引言 5

2研究对象和方法 6

2.1研究对象 6

2.2研究方法与指标 6

2.2.1数据来源 7

2.2.2质量控制 7

2.2.3统计分析 7

3结果分析 7

3.1一般情况描述 7

3.2身体形态变化趋势 8

3.2.1身高 8

3.2.2体重 11

3．2.3肺活量 15

4讨论 17

4.1人口比例及性别比例 17

4.2身高情况 杭州市上城区中学生的体质趋势研究:http://www.chuibin.com/tiyu/lunwen_205279.html