摘要：304L不锈钢是工业制造业广泛应用的材料。焊接温度场和应力场对于焊接结构的质量和强度有着十分重要的影响。因此，对304L不锈钢焊接残余应力分布特征的研究可以为304L不锈钢的残余应力调控和焊接工艺选择有十分重大的意义。
本文针对厚度20mm和30mm的两种304L不锈钢焊接接头，利用ANSYS软件建立三维和二维有限元模型，对焊接温度场应力场进行数值计算，分析焊接残余应力的分布，并讨论不同厚度、不同建模方式情况下模拟计算与实测结果之间存在的异同。
研究结果表明：20mm和30mm厚度试板三维模型温度场在热影响区上的分布上存在明显差异；30mm厚试板二维模型温度场与三维模型温度场的分布以及幅值基本一致，但是二维模型无法反映焊缝方向上的温度场分布情况；30mm厚试板模拟得出的温度结果与实际测量结果基本一致；20mm厚试板三维模型应力场与30mm厚试板三维模型应力场分布趋势基本一致；30mm厚试板的二维模型和三维模型应力场分布规律一致，但是二维模型无法反映焊缝方向上的应力场分布情况。
关键词:多道焊，有限元，热源模型，温度场，应力场
Abstract：304L stainless steel is one of the most important materials in the industrial and manufacturing field. The welding temperature field and the stress field have a very important influence on the quality and strength of the welded structure. Therefore, the study of the welding residual stress distribution of 304L stainless steel can be of great significance for the residual stress regulation and welding process selection of 304L stainless steel.
In this paper, a 30mm- thick 304L stainless steel joint and a 20mm-thick 304L stainless steel joint were used to establish two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) finite element models. ANSYS software was used to calculate the welding temperature field and welding residual stress field. The distributions of residual stress obtained by the two models were discussed. The simulated results were compared with the measured ones.
Research results show that temperature field of 20mm and 30mm thick test plates simulated by the three-dimensional models are significantly different in the heat affected area. The temperature field of the 30mm-thick joint simulated by 2D model is consistent to that simulated by 3D model, but the temperature result obtained by 2D cannot reflect the temperature distribution in the welding direction. The simulated temperature results of 30mm-thick joint are basically the same as the actual measured results. The stress field distribution of 20mm-thick joint simulated by 3D model is similar to that of the 30mm-thick joint simulated by 3D model. The stress field distribution of 30mm-thick joint simulated by 2D model is similar to that of the 30mm-thick joint simulated by 3D model, but the stress result obtained by 2D cannot reflect the stress distribution in the welding direction.
Key words: Multi- Pass welding，Finite element，heat source model，temperature field， stress field
目 录
第一章 绪论 1
1.1研究背景及意义 1
1.2.1焊接过程数值计算的发展 1
1.2.2焊接应力的研究进展 3
1.3研究内容 6
第二章 计算模型和计算过程 7
2.1有限元软件简介 7
2.2研究对象 304L不锈钢板多道焊接残余应力数值分析:http://www.chuibin.com/cailiao/lunwen_205170.html