从文化视角分析东西方教师教学方式的异同(2)
通过异同分析，人们可以发现东西方在各自教学法中的优点与缺点。总结，归纳这些优缺点，可以发现西方的教育比较符合建构主义理论。这样的教育可以培养学生的创造性。东方的教育不符合建构主义理论，但这样的教育注重学生的基础知识。最后，通过大量的实证分析，对东西方的教育提出合理的建议，对教学的手段和意义提出自己的见解。
关键词：教学法，建构理论，自主学习
CONTENTS
Acknowledgment... i
Abstract ii
摘要. iv
1 Introduction1
2 The Significance of Education 2
2.1 Definition of Education 2
2.2 Essence of Education 2
2.3 Aim of Education .3
2.4 Function of Education3
3 Similarities and Differences on Classroom Teaching Approaches. 5
3.1 Heuristic Teaching Concept Emphasized in the West .5
3.2 Different Teachers’ Roles in Classroom Teaching6
3.3 Differences in Active Learning and Passive Learning9
3.4 Differences and Similarities in Grading Systems.12
4 Constructivism Teaching Theory.15
4.1 Definition of the Constructivism Theory. 15
4.2 Constructivism Encourages Students’ Initiatives to Learn.16
4.3 Constructivism Promotes Students’ Creativity. 18
4.4 Reciprocal Reference of Eastern and Western Teaching Approaches.18
5 Conclusions 20
Bibliography.21
1 Introduction
With the development of society, education becomes more and more important. It is related to our life, politics, science, and so on. Education is a symbol of a country. The fundamental point of education is how to cultivate a person and what kind of person teachers should cultivate.
Today, people have realized that there are many differences between western people and eastern people such as different thinking methodologies, values, and world outlook. So it is widely known that there are many differences between eastern education and western education. The differences could be easily found in teachers’ teaching approaches and students’ learning styles. There are many reasons that cause the different education background. One of the most important factors is the different culture background. In other word, the culture background has a great impact on teachers’ teaching approaches. And then these approaches will influence the students’ learning styles.
This thesis focuses on similarities and differences on classroom teaching approaches between eastern and western. Eastern teaching approach, we called “Teachers-Centered Theory”. Western teaching approach, we called “Students-Centered Theory”. These two approaches of teaching have their own features. Eastern teachers emphasize knowledge in books, but western teachers emphasize practice in reality. Eastern students would not like to face challenges, but western students would like to challenge difficulties.
This thesis applies constructivism as the basic standard. The first part focuses on the significance of education. The second part elaborates the heuristic teaching approaches. The third part illustrates different teachers’ roles in classroom. The fourth part is on differences in students’ learning. The fifth part covers grading systems. And finally, people can have some reciprocal references of teaching approaches which eastern and western countries can learn from each other. Through these comparisons, people can know that western heuristic teaching approach corresponds more to constructivism teaching theory. This teaching approach is focused on cultivating students’ creativities. But eastern education does not accord much with constructivism teaching theory. This teaching approach is focused on students’ basic knowledge. Finally, people can put forward some reasonable suggestions of eastern education and western education.
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