关联理论维度之交流环境中的误解探析
研究方法：
本文从关联性的界定和运用入手，首先探讨了关联理论的理论框架，界定了关联性在语言中的作用。接着运用了文献研究法和个案研究法，选取商务交际中产生的误解作为特定对象加以调查分析，弄清其特点及形成过程，并通过文献获得资料和实例，从而比较系统、全面的了解商务交际中产生的误解。
结论：
1）不同的听话人补足前提的能力是不同的，因此说话人的话语要具备完整的明示性，减少听话人补足前提的努力，就能够提高信息交流的效率；
2）说话人说话要尽量保持双方认知环境的一致性，以免造成误解。同时听话人也要努力熟悉新的认知环境，多观察，多换位思考，来满足说话人所期待的关联度；
3）说话人在交流中要通过沟通保证时刻确认与听话人在同一认知环境中，以免听话人产生与说话人期待不相同的推理。听话人同时也要时刻确认自己能接收说话人提供的明示信息。随着交际的进行，听话人可以通过提问、要求再说一遍等方式来表明他期待着更强的关联性。
关键词 商务交流 关联理论 话语误解
毕 业 论 文 外 文 摘 要
Title Analysis of Misunderstanding In Business
Communication From Relevance Theory
Abstract
Definition: This paper attempts to use the framework of Relevance Theory to analyze some misunderstandings which occur in business communication. According to the Relevance Theory, misunderstanding is defined as the incompatible premise between what listener has implied and what speaker has expected. Business Communication is complete, polite, and accurate, while it also has exact goal. Hence, misunderstanding is surely not allowed in Business Communication.
Research Method: This paper uses Case Analysis and Documentary Analysis as tools, choosing the Business Communication as its specified object, clearing the characteristics and forming process of misunderstanding in Business Communication. With the help of document, resources and examples can be used to explain the misunderstanding in Business Communication systematically.
Conclusion: (1) Different listeners are gifted different abilities to complement premise. Spoken words should have complete ostension so that listeners can receive complete ostensive information.
(2) Speaker should try to keep consistent cognitive context with listener. While listener should endeavors to try more perspective taking to fulfill the relevance that speaker waits in hope.
(3) Speaker should frequently make sure whether listener stays in his cognitive context or not when communication is underway. While listener should frequently make sure if he can receive ostensive information that speaker has offered.
Keywords Business Communication Relevance Theory
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