摘要铝合金是一种在工业上广泛使用的有色金属材料，具有密度低，比强度高， 塑性好的特点，但铝合金的表面耐磨性较差，因此需要进行一些表面处理来提高 表面耐磨性。

在铝合金表面进行化学镀形成镀层对铝合金有很好的保护作用。本研究中， 以铝箔为基材制备铜镍复合镀层。首先以铝箔为基体进行化学镀铜，然后，继续 在已经生成的镀铜层上进行化学镀镍，成功制备了铜镍复合镀层。通过改变温度， pH 值，添加氧化铝颗粒等对照实验分析化学镀铜层的质量，使用场发射扫描电 子显微镜（FE-SEM），能谱仪（EDS）表征了化学镀铜层的微观结构，得出浸锌 预处理会显著增强镀层结合力，当温度为 30℃，pH=12，施镀时间为 3min 时镀 层质量最佳，添加 6~8g/L 氧化铝颗粒对增强镀层的耐磨性及降低晶粒度具有很 好的效果。同时铜镍复合镀层硬度高，耐磨性好，还会增强铝合金基体的耐腐蚀 性能，对铝合金具有良好的保护作用。79863

本文进一步对已获得的铜镍复合镀层的试样进行折叠、轧制及扩散退火处理， 获得了多层复合材料，为多层材料的制备提供了一种新的思路与方法。

毕业论文关键词：化学镀铜；化学镀镍；多层复合材料

Abstract Aluminum alloy is a kind of non-ferrous metal material which is widely used in the industry。 Although it has low density, high strength, good plasticity, the wear resistance about it’s surface is poorer。 So it is important to do some surface treatment to improve the surface wear resistance。

Making chemical plating on the surface of aluminum alloy have good protection to aluminum alloy。 In this study, aluminum foil the substrate was prepared copper-nickel composite plating。 First, foil the substrate was used to process in electroless copper plating。 Then, plating on the generated copper with nickel and achieve copper-nickel composite plating successfully。 Experimental analyzed the electroless copper plating quality by changing the temperature, pH value, adding the Al2O3 particles, observed the microstructure of the electroless copper plating by FE-SEM and EDS。 The results showed that using zinc immersion pretreatment can

significantly enhance coating adhesion。 The coating quality will be the best at 30  ℃,

pH = 12, plating time of 3min。 Adding the amount of Al2O3 particles between 6g/L and 8g / L can enhance the wear resistance of the coating and reduce the grain size。 At the same time, Copper-nickel composite coating has high hardness, good wear resistance, which can enhance aluminum substrate corrosion resistance and protect aluminum well。

This article further to fold the sample with Cu-Ni composite coating, then obtain multi-layer material with rolling and diffusion annealing treatment。 This ideal provide a new method to make multi-layer material。

Keywords: Eletcroless Copper Plating；Electroless Nickel Plating；Multi-layer Composite Material

目录

第一章 绪论 1

1。1 引言 1

1。2 化学镀的历史回顾 1

1。2。1 化学镀铜历史回顾 1

1。2。2 化学镀镍历史回顾 2

1。3 化学镀的分类 2

1。3。1 还原镀 2

1。3。2 置换镀 2

1。3。3 接触镀 3

1。4 化学镀原理 3

1。4。1 化学镀铜原理 3

1。4。2 化学镀镍原理