FMCW/FSK复合探测信号处理技术实现

摘要：调频连续波(FMCW)雷达的基本原理是利用发射信号与回波信号之间的频差确定目标距离，当目标有相对速度时，回波信号相对于发射信号产生频移，通过对中频信号的处理可获得目标的相对速度和距离信息。而频移键控(FSK)体制雷达是交替发出两种频率的电磁波，可接收到两个具有不同多普勒频率的回波。通过两个回波的多普勒频率差和相位差可得到相对速度和距离。这两种技术在雷达应用领域有着不同的优缺点，FMCW雷达对于多目标探测存在距离-速度模糊性问题，而FSK体制雷达不可探测相对静止的目标。而FMCW+FSK体制结合了以上两种体制的优点。若能使两种体制的优点结合，缺点互补，这样的系统将更加适合汽车防撞雷达领域。

本课题对FMCW体制雷达和FSK体制雷达的作用原理，及相关处理流程进行了分析。并在此基础上，利用FPGA芯片为后端，搭配24GHz收发前端，设计了完整的雷达硬件处理平台。并对前后端模块的功能及其实现方法进行了分析。对整个平台进行了调试。

通过对硬件平台的调试，以及实际的功能测试，表明了整个设计方案及平台的可实施性。

关键词调频连续波雷达频移键控雷达信号处理

毕业设计说明书外文摘要

Title The Processing Technology of FMCW/FSK Composite Detection Signal

Abstract：The basic principle of frequency modulation continuous wave(FMCW) radar is using the frequency offset between the emission and echo signal to determine the distance of the target.The echo signal will have a frequency shift relative to the emission signal when the target have a relative velocity.The speed and distance information can be obtained through processing the mediun frequency signal. The FSK system radar transmit two electromagnetic waves in different frequencies alternately and receive waves in different doppler frequencies.The speed and distance information can be obtained by processing the difference of doppler frequency and phase between two echoes.The two systems have different advantages.The FMCW radar has a distance-velocity ambiguity problem in multi-target detection while the FSK radar cannot detect a static target.The FMCW+FSK system combines the advantages of the two systems and it will be better suited to the mutomotive collision radar area.

In this paper,we analyze the principle and distance measurement processing of the FMCW and FSK system radar.Using the FPGA chip ,carrying the 24GHz transceiver ,to design a complete radar processing platform.And we analyze the its realization method of the rear module and debug the whole platform.

The debugging of platform and the testing of the actual function shows that the platform is demonstrated.

Keywords Frequency Modulation Continuous Wave Frequency Shif Keying radar signal processing

1 引言1

1.1 论文研究背景及意义 1

1.2 毫米波雷达简介 1

1.3 论文主要工作及框架安排 3

2 原理简介 5

2.1 雷达方程的推导 5

2.1 FMCW雷达原理简介 6

2.2 FSK体制雷达原理简介 8

2.3 信号处理原理简介 9

3 硬件介绍 14

3.1 24GHz防撞微波雷达传感器简介 14

3.2 FPGA芯片（SC6SLX150-3FGG484I）简介 17

3.3 DAC数模转换器（DAC904U）简介 20

3.2 ADC模数转换器（LTC2222IUK-11）简介 23

3.2 器件连接 26 FMCW/FSK复合探测信号处理技术实现:http://www.chuibin.com/tongxin/lunwen_206392.html