Existence of tasks such as welding, coating or sandblasting
Existence of internal combustion machines in
confined spaces
Class 1 (existence)
Class 1 (existence)
checked against objects scheduled to be around power lines, which can be assessed by 4D modeling platforms and model checkers to produce quantitative outputs, for example, to know where and
Ventilation Class 1 (existence)
Driver: Means of Egress (MoE)
Description: Confined space injuries led to fatal consequences when no or very limited MoE were in place
Rules to check
Ladders and stairs Class 1 (existence)
Natural light and lighting conditions Class 3 (light path) Anchorage for fall arrest or evacuation systems Class 3 (spotting)
Table 9
Drivers for the risk of ‘‘electric shock”。
Drivers and rules Rule class and type
of check
Driver: Radial Clearance (RC)
Description: Low RC between power lines and metal equipment regarding their path and hilly terrain drove up the risk of electrocution
Rules to check
when a crane boom might approach the 3 m danger zone around
a power line。 Once being fed with the results of the rule matching process, a reasoning tool can determine each driver and prompt the level of safety risk in a sensible format。
The safety risk drivers suggested in this research, formulated in more detailed flowcharts, can provide early warnings of potential hazards during the design period。 Having identified it, managers will decide how to treat a risk: some risks will be completely avoided by minor changes in design, while others may be mitigated by managerial measures or even retained in a watch list program。 Indeed, being aware of risks will not eliminate the uncertainty, in return, those risks that are not identified, cannot be treated (Cooper et al。, 2005; Perminova et al。, 2008)。 This indicates the great significance of discovering the drivers of the safety risks in an object oriented format that can be surveyed automatically and ensure the identification of a greater number of safety risks, regardless of the complexity or size of the project。
This research showed that a noticeable number of accidents
could be predicted if the drivers of the risks were discovered
Whether the location of power lines are specified in
drawings
Class 1 (existence)
before。 A few studies suggest that an automated checking of the
Clearance between a crane’s boom and power lines Class 2 (distance) The terrain around power lines Class 3 (vicinity)
implementation of safety codes can reduce safety risks, but most
presented their results only for some specific safety clauses。 The
Existence of long metal objects in the vicinity of power lines
Class 3 (vicinity)
study on the accident reports in this research revealed that not only violation of safety codes could give clues to the underlying
Possible states of a crane and its boom Class 3
(pathfinding)
risks, but site situations and design parameters could also provide
Scheduled loading and unloading tasks near power lines
Structures that require scaffolding in the vicinity of
power lines
Class 3 (vicinity)
Class 3 (spotting)
valuable information of how risks were driven up or down, and 利用BIM来分析施工安全风险英文文献和中文翻译(15):http://www.chuibin.com/fanyi/lunwen_101332.html