基于单片机的PCB钻床控制系统设计 第2页
摘 要
印刷电路板是现代电子产品中必不可少的，随着印刷电路技术的发展，对其制造工艺和制造设备提出了更高的要求。在整个印制电路板的生产过程中，孔的加工是一道是十分重要的工序。孔的加工占用生产时间最长，孔的位置精度和加工质量直接决定了孔的金属化和贴片等数道工序的加工，直接影响印制板的加工质量和加工成本。可见孔的加工在印制板制造工艺中的重要作用和重要地位。而数控机床钻孔是目前PCB精密孔位加工的主流技术。
国内使用的印制板数控钻床采用的是以8位单片机为处理器或是在PC机外加运动控制卡。以8位单片机为处理器的印制板数控钻床的缺点是加工效率低、精度差。而在PC机外加运动控制卡的印制板数控钻床又存在着实时性、可靠性和经济性方面的问题。本文针对两者的不足，运用32位单片机(ARM)技术来设计印制板数控钻床控制系统。
本文硬件结构以高性能低功耗的32位ARM嵌入式处理器为核心，配以系统所需的外围模块。该系统不仅具有可靠性高、稳定性好、功能强的优点，而且具有良好的可移植性和可裁剪性，便于根据实际需求进行功能的扩展和裁剪。
本文完成了以下任务：
1.查阅相关资料，了解PCB数控钻床控制系统的发展，目前采用的方法以及优缺点。在此基础上，设计了基于32位单片机（ARM）的PCB钻床控制系统方案，微处理器选用的是S
2.PCB钻床控制系统的硬件设计，其中包括对电源电路设计、系统复位电路设计、晶振电路设计、存储系统设计、JTAG接口电路、串口通信的硬件设计、键盘、LCD及交流伺服电机控制电路设计；
3.PCB钻床控制系统的软件设计，包括键盘的软件设计、串口程序设计、LCD模块程序设计、电机控制功能的实现。
关键词 印制板；数控钻床；交流伺服电机；ARM处理器
ABSTRACT
Printed Circuit Board (PCB) is an absolutely necessary part of modern electronic products, with the development of PCB technology; further needs are put forward to its manufacturing process and equipment. Throughout the PCB production process, the processing hole is a very important process. Machining process of hole occupied the longest time, and Machining accuracy and the location of hole wall directly determine the quality of the metal hole and patch several Road processes processing, directly impact on the PCB processing quality and processing costs. Hole’s visibility in the processing of PCB manufacturing technology to the important role and important position. CNC drilling machine is currently PCB hole machining precision of the mainstream.
Domestic use of PCB CNC drilling machining using the 8-bit MCU or processor for the PC plus Motion Control Card. the 8-bit MCU as the PCB CNC drilling machine disadvantage is the low processing efficiency, accuracy. Using pc machine motion control card with the PCB CNC drilling machine there is a real-time, reliability and economic aspects. Due to the shortcomings; a drilling control system is designed by using 32 microcontroller (ARM) technologies.
The kernel of hardware is the32-bit Embedded CPU with characteristics of high performance and low power consumption. And it is also equipped with the required peripheral modules to extend itself to one whole hardware system, which not only has virtues of high reliability, high performance, but also can be transplanted and trimmed so well as to modify function conveniently according to system requirement.
The tasks finished in the paper as follows:
1. Access to the relevant information about PCB drilling control system development, the current method and the advantages and disadvantages. On this basis, a PCB drilling control system is designed by using 32-bit microcontroller (ARM), the S
2. Hardware design of PCB drilling control system, including the power supply circuit design, system reset circuit design, Oscillator circuit design, storage system design, circuit JTAG interface, serial communication hardware design, the keyboard, LCD and AC servo motor control circuit design；
3. Software design of PCB drilling machine control system, including keyboard software design, program design Serial, LCD module programming, motor control functions.
Keywords Printed Circuit Board; NC Drill;AC servo motor;ARM
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